Introduction
     The study of angels is intriguing. In this discourse, we will explore several characteristics of these spirit-beings.
    Notably, angels and the human species share the same responsibility of submitting to, and fulfilling their Creator’s will and failure to do so, will result in the same consequences that befell the fallen angels whose end we’ll consider, as well as their beginning.
    You alone are Yahweh. You have made the heavens, the heaven of heavens with all their host, the earth and all that is on it, the seas and all that is in them. You give life to all of them, and the heavenly host bows down before You, Nehemiah 9:6. (The New American Standard Bible, 1995 edition, is used throughout unless otherwise noted.)

Yahweh Created a Devil?
     The heavenly hosts consist of innumerable (Job 25:3; Heb. 12:22) angelic beings, one-third of which went with Satan (Rev. 12:4). Satan is known as a covering (anointed) cherub, having his place upon the holy mountain of Elohim (Ezek. 28:14), similar to that which is found on the mercy seat of the Ark of the Covenant (Exod. 25:18-22).
    Of him, it was written, You were the anointed cherub who covers, and I placed you there. You were on the holy mountain of Elohim; you walked in the midst of the stones of fire. You were blameless in your ways from the day you were created until unrighteousness was found in you, Ezekiel 28:14-15.
    This cherub angel was adorned beautifully (Ezek. 28:13, 17), having responsibility of leading the chorale of the heavenly hosts before Yahweh’s throne. However, this “shining one” (Latin: Lucifer) chose to go against Yahweh, demonstrating that angels, like men, possess free will and who are encouraged to choose life (Deut. 30:19) by keeping Yahweh’s commandments, ordinances, and statutes.
    Devil means adversary, and once this cherub turned from Yahweh doing his own will, he then became an adversary. Some will say Yahweh created evil and cite the following Scripture:
    I form the light, and create darkness: I make peace, and create evil: I Yahweh do all these things, Isaiah 45:7, KJV.
    However, the word “evil” has more the connotation of Yahweh causing destruction, to crush, or to break, which Yahweh shall accomplish when the adversary and his angels are cast into the lake of fire. Darkness is the absence of light. To “create darkness” is a Hebrew idiomatic expression, and is understood as evil existing in the absence of good. With this in mind, we can appreciate that Satan is at variance with, and at enmity against, Yahweh.
    Of a truth then, they whose “father” is the devil, will do as the devil does (John 8:44).
    Everyone who practices sin also practices lawlessness; and sin is lawlessness. You know that He appeared in order to take away sins; and in Him there is no sin. No one who abides in Him sins; no one who sins has seen Him or knows Him. Little children, make sure no one deceives you; the one who practices righteousness is righteous, just as He is righteous; the one who practices sin is of the devil; for the devil has sinned from the beginning. The Son of Elohim appeared for this purpose, to destroy the works of the devil. No one who is born of Elohim practices sin, because His seed abides in him; and he cannot (go on living in) sin, because he is born of Elohim, 1 John 3:4-9.

The Evil One
     Besides titles like “Satan” and “the devil,” we also read the term “the evil one” as a descriptive cognomen. The Apostle Paul, in 2 Thessalonians 3:1-3 says, Finally, brethren, pray for us that the Word of Yahweh will spread rapidly and be glorified, just as it did also with you; and that we will be rescued from perverse and evil men; for not all have faith. But the Master is faithful, and He will strengthen and protect you from the evil one.
    In Yahshua’s explanation in the parable of the seed and sower, it is the evil one which takes away what is given.
    When anyone hears the Word of the Kingdom and does not understand it, the evil one comes and snatches away what has been sown in his heart. This is the one on whom seed was sown beside the road, Matthew 13:19.

Misusing Scripture
     Being evil, Satan often takes Scripture out of context, as he did with Yahshua. Each time, Yahshua refutes what this adversary says by replying with the appropriate authority of Scripture. It is noteworthy, too, that in this dialog which Satan has with Yahshua, never once does he use Yahweh’s Name, but the Savior does in each of his replies. Following is one example:
    Then the devil took Him into the holy city and had Him stand on the pinnacle of the temple, and said to Him, “If You are the Son of Elohim, throw Yourself down; for it is written, ‘HE WILL COMMAND HIS ANGELS CONCERNING YOU’; and ‘ON their HANDS THEY WILL BEAR YOU UP, SO THAT YOU WILL NOT STRIKE YOUR FOOT AGAINST A STONE.’” Yahshua said to him, “On the other hand, it is written, ‘YOU SHALL NOT PUT YAHWEH YOUR ELOHIM TO THE TEST,’” Matthew 4:5-7.
    Satan’s angels, also called demons, distort Yahweh’s Word, that is corrupting, or handling It deceitfully. It is written that at the end of the age, doctrines of demons will prompt men to fall away from the faith.
    But the Spirit explicitly says that in later times some will fall away from the faith, paying attention to deceitful spirits and doctrines of demons, 1 Timothy 4:1.
    We read of false ministers and deceitful workers.
    For such men are false apostles, deceitful workers, disguising themselves as apostles of Messiah. No wonder, for even Satan disguises himself as an angel of light. Therefore it is not surprising if his servants also disguise themselves as servants of righteousness, whose end will be according to their deeds, 2 Corinthians 11:13-15.
    Notice, their end is not about their estate of faith or belief, but is determined by their deeds. Since the Word of Yahweh clearly details what kind of behavior is good and acceptable to Yahweh, it will be easy to discern and judge how right or wrong one’s deeds were. For, A good tree cannot produce bad fruit, nor can a bad tree produce good fruit. Every tree that does not bear good fruit is cut down and thrown into the fire. So then, you will know them by their fruits, Matthew 7:18-20.
    One’s teachings are the foremost indicator of whether he is speaking the truth and provide evidence of which spirit he is following. They will either speak truth or they’ll tell lies (John 8:44; 1 John 4:5-5).
    Isaiah writes, To the law and to the testimony! If they do not speak according to this Word, it is because they have no dawn (“because there is no Light in them,” KJV), Isaiah 8:20. The opposite of light is darkness; the opposite of Yahweh is Satan; the opposite of obedience is disobedience.
    Regrettably, deception will worsen toward the end of the age as an evil spirit produces lying signs and wonders which will influence many people.
    For false Messiahs and false prophets will arise and will show great signs and wonders, so as to mislead, if possible, even the elect. Behold, I have told you in advance, Matthew 24:24-25. (See also, 2 Thessalonians 2:1-12.)
    Even now, the deception is alarming, with many going astray and failing to teach sound doctrines.
        • But the Spirit explicitly says that in later times some will fall away from the faith, paying attention to deceitful spirits and doctrines of demons, by means of the hypocrisy of liars seared in their own conscience as with a branding iron, 1 Timothy 4:1-2.
        • But false prophets also arose among the people, just as there will also be false teachers among you who will secretly introduce destructive heresies, even denying the Master who bought them, bring swift destruction upon themselves. And many will follow their sensuality, and because of them the way of the truth will be maligned, 2 Peter 2:1-2.

Righteousness in the KingdomTitle
     Though the entire world is in such chaos right now, we are confident that the confusion attributable to men continuing in sin will come to an end with righteousness ushered in, and prevailing, too, in the coming Kingdom of Yahweh.
    Now it will come about that in the last days the mountain of the house of Yahweh will be established as the chief of the mountains, and will be raised above the hills; and all the nations will stream to it. And many peoples will come and say, “Come, let us go up to the mountain of Yahweh, to the house of the Elohim of Jacob; that He may teach us concerning His ways and that we may walk in His paths.” For the Law will go forth from Zion and the Word of Yahweh from Jerusalem. And He will judge between the nations, and will render decisions for many peoples; and they will hammer their swords into plowshares and their spears into pruning hooks. Nation will not lift up sword against nation, and never again will they learn war. Come, house of Jacob, and let us walk in the light of Yahweh, Isaiah 2:2-5. (See also Zechariah 14:16-19 and Isaiah 66:23.)
    The angels of Yahweh will remove evildoers from the world before the establishment of the Kingdom.
    Then He left the crowds and went into the house. And His disciples came to Him and said, “Explain to us the parable of the tares of the field.” And He said, “The one who sows the good seed is the Son of Man, and the field is the world; and as for the good seed, these are the sons of the kingdom; and the tares are the sons of the evil one; and the enemy who sowed them is the devil, and the harvest is the end of the age; and the reapers are angels. So just as the tares are gathered up and burned with fire, so shall it be at the end of the age. The Son of Man will send forth His angels, and they will gather out of His Kingdom all stumbling blocks, and those who commit lawlessness, and will throw them into the furnace of fire; in that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth. Then THE RIGHTEOUS WILL SHINE FORTH AS THE SUN in the kingdom of their Father. He who has ears, let him hear”, Matthew 13:36-43.
    Not only are the wicked removed, but Satan himself is also … ultimately cast into the lake of fire, marking the end of his existence (Rev. 19:19, 20:15; Matt. 25:41). (Read our free mini studies, Is the Rapture Biblical? and Is the Kingdom Here Now?

Classes of Angels
     Presently, we shall discuss the different classes of angels. We know of archangels, seraphim, and cherubim, which are expressly named in Scripture. As mentioned in Daniel, there are also unnamed ones, referred to as princes, who have been placed over kingdoms, such as Persia and Greece. An archangel, such as Michael, is also noted as one of the chief princes among Yahweh’s angels. Here, we find another angel communicating with Daniel and speaking of this angel of Persia who is resisting him.
    But the prince of the kingdom of Persia was withstanding me for twenty-one days; then behold, Michael, one of the chief princes, came to help me, for I had been left there with the kings of Persia. … Then he said, “Do you understand why I came to you? But I shall now return to fight against the prince of Persia; so I am going forth, and behold, the prince of Greece is about to come. However, I will tell you what is inscribed in the writing of truth. Yet there is no one who stands firmly with me against these forces except Michael your prince,” Daniel 10:9, 20-21.
    Paul in his letter to the Ephesians confirms that in a spiritual context, we don’t strive against flesh and blood but against these principalities and powers; against the rulers of the darkness of this world; against spiritual wickedness in the heavenly places (Eph. 6:12).
    In Colossians we read concerning the preeminence of the Messiah over the created order, For by Him (Yahshua) were all things created, that are in heaven, and that are in earth, visible and invisible, whether they be thrones, or dominions, or principalities, or powers: all things were created by Him, and for Him: And He is before all things, and by Him all things consist, Colossians 1:16-17 … and these are understood to be ranks or classes of spirit-beings, though the specificity of their purposes or ministries is not generally understood.

Michael the Archangel
     Of Michael, we read of Michael at the end of the age, standing guard over Yahweh’s people:
    Now at that time Michael, the great prince who stands guard over the sons of your people, will arise. And there will be a time of distress such as never occurred since there was a nation until that time; and at that time your people, everyone who is found written in the book, will be rescued, Daniel 12:1.
    Some allege that Michael, “who is like El,” refers to Yahshua. However, during this time alluded to in Daniel, chapter 12, Yahshua to Whom all judgment has been entrusted (John 5:24-27) is pouring out the wrath of Yahweh upon the world. It is the Lamb in Revelation, chapter six, Who is breaking the seals of the four horsemen of the apocalypse, not the archangel Michael.
    And they said to the mountains and to the rocks, “Fall on us and hide us from the presence of Him who sits on the throne, and from the wrath of the Lamb; for the great day of Their wrath has come, and who is able to stand?” Revelation 6:16-17.
    Truly, Michael as warrior and a sort of commander and a chief of princes over the host of heaven, figures in Revelation 12:7-9: And there was war in heaven, Michael and his angels waging war with the dragon. The dragon and his angels waged war, and they were not strong enough, and there was no longer a place found for them in heaven. And the great dragon was thrown down, the serpent of old who is called the devil and Satan, who deceives the whole world; he was thrown down to the earth, and his angels were thrown down with him.
    Nevertheless, though Michael may be regarded as one of the chief princes of Yahweh’s hosts, he is not said to be the Chief Prince – a Title reserved for Yahshua Himself.

Gabriel
     Gabriel, “mighty like El,” serves as a spokesman for Yahweh. The little horn in Daniel is being described in a vision to Daniel, and a spirit-being (perhaps, the pre-existent Yahshua? … see Daniel 7:13) who looks like a man calls on Gabriel to tell Daniel what the vision means.
    When I, Daniel, had seen the vision, I sought to understand it; and behold, standing before me was one who looked like a man. And I heard the voice of a man between the banks of Ulai, and he called out and said, “Gabriel, give this man an understanding of the vision.” So he came near to where I was standing, and when he came I was frightened and fell on my face; but he said to me, “Son of man, understand that the vision pertains to the time of the end,” Daniel 8:15-17.
    If, however, this first spirit-being may be thought himself, to be an angel, a thought arises as to why he assuming the appearance of a man simply doesn’t tell Daniel what the vision means. Could it be, that he didn’t himself know, as we are given to understand by Scripture, that some things of the economies of Almighty Yahweh are withheld from angels as, for example, the matter of this grace of Yahweh through the person of Messiah which even angels desire to inquire (1 Pet. 1:12). We may assume that those angels closer to Yahweh in rank might know more than others.
    Gabriel appeared to Zacharias, as he was performing his Levitical orders, and announced that his wife Elisabeth, in her old age, should bear a child.
    And the angel answered and said to him, “I am Gabriel, who stands in the presence of Elohim; and I have been sent to speak to you, and to bring you this good news … “Do not be afraid, Zacharias, for your petition has been heard, and your wife Elizabeth will bear you a son, and you will give him the name John. You will have joy and gladness, and many will rejoice at his birth,” Luke 1:19, 13-14.
    Gabriel was also dispatched to Nazareth, and to a Hebrew maiden (Mary) to announce to her that she should bring forth a Son and call His Name, Yahshua.
    Now in the sixth month the angel Gabriel was sent from Elohim to a city in Galilee called Nazareth, to a virgin engaged to a man whose name was Joseph, of the descendants of David; and the virgin’s name was Mary. And coming in, he said to her, “Greetings, favored one! Yahweh is with you.” But she was very perplexed at this statement, and kept pondering what kind of salutation this was. The angel said to her, “Do not be afraid, Mary; for you have found favor with Elohim. And behold, you will conceive in your womb and bear a son, and you shall name Him Yahshua. He will be great and will be called the Son of the Most High; and Yahweh Elohim will give Him the throne of His father David; and He will reign over the house of Jacob forever, and His kingdom will have no end,” Luke 1:26-33.
    Talk about extraordinary news to bear and to hear! Many exalt her today, but it becomes similar to worshiping angels, which is forbidden (Deut. 4:19; Rev. 19:10, 22:8-9).

Winged Angels
     The Scriptures present cherubim as having wings, and because so many cultures have, and yet do, venerate winged serpents and dragons. Thus, the reason Yahweh gave commandment, “You shall have no other elohim (mighty ones) before Me. You shall not make for yourself an idol, or any likeness of what is in heaven above or on the earth beneath or in the water under the earth. You shall not worship them or serve them; for I, am Yahweh your Elohim, and a jealous El …” (Exod. 20:3-5a).
    Moreover, Yahweh forbade His people Israel to whom pertained the covenants of promise from looking to the hosts of heaven – the sun, the moon, the stars, planetary bodies – and, perhaps by extension, even spirit-beings which we know from Scripture may exercise mobility up and down, and to and fro, from the heavens to the earth (Job 1:7; 1 Pet. 5:8).
    Satan, as we’ve already seen, was, before his fall, an “anointed” cherub. The iniquity that was found in him was that he, and likely his demons as well, desired worship (Ezek. 28:15; Isa. 14:13-1). He even thought he might entice Yahshua by presenting to Him, all the kingdoms of the world and their glory and suggesting these were his to give, if the Messiah would fall down and worship him (Matt. 4:9).
    And with such sleight and cunning, he and his minions have drawn many away from according worship to Yahweh, making that which is forbidden – the deceitfulness of riches and the coveting of things – to appear, good, pleasant, and desired (Mark 4:19).
    And Scripture reveals that while angels appear to men as having lifeforms of men, some are manifested having wings. These are of that class of seraphim and cherubim. We read, for example, of cherubim stationed in Eden with a flaming sword which turned every direction to guard the tree of life, lest the fallen man should eat of its fruit and live forever (Gen. 3:22-24).
    In Ezekiel, we read of winged cherubim, beings manifesting human and even animal physical features (Ezek. 1:4-21).
    Isaiah, at the time of his appointment, saw in a vision, the Holy One “sitting on a throne, lofty and exalted, with the train of His robe filling the temple. Seraphim stood above Him, each having six wings: with two he covered his face, and with two he covered his feet, and with two he flew. And one called out to another and said, “Holy, Holy, Holy, is Yahweh of hosts, the whole earth is full of His glory.” And the foundations of the thresholds trembled at the voice of him who called out, while the temple was filling with smoke. Then I said, “Woe is me, for I am ruined! Because I am a man of unclean lips, and I live among a people of unclean lips; for my eyes have seen the King, Yahweh of hosts.” Then one of the seraphim flew to me with a burning coal in his hand, which he had taken from the altar with tongs. He touched my mouth with it and said, “Behold, this has touched your lips; and your iniquity is taken away and your sin is forgiven” (Isa. 6:1-7).
    Similarly, these are also described in Revelation as living creatures at the throne of Yahweh.
    And before the throne there was something like a sea of glass, like crystal; and in the center and around the throne, four living creatures full of eyes in front and behind. The first creature was like a lion, and the second creature like a calf, and the third creature had a face like that of a man, and the fourth creature was like a flying eagle. And the four living creatures, each one of them having six wings, are full of eyes around and within; and day and night they do not cease to say, “HOLY, HOLY, HOLY IS YAHWEH ELOHIM, THE ALMIGHTY, WHO WAS AND WHO IS AND WHO IS TO COME.” And when the living creatures give glory and honor and thanks to Him who sits on the throne, to Him who lives forever and ever, Revelation 4:6-9.

Obedience: The Connection with Angels
     Bless Yahweh, you His angels, mighty in strength, who perform His Word, obeying the voice of His Word! Bless Yahweh, all you His hosts, you who serve Him, doing His will, Psalm 103:20-21.
    And in the model prayer, example of what constitutes acceptable prayer is given – Your kingdom come. Your will be done, on earth as it is in heaven, Matthew 6:10.
    We said at the beginning that angels have the same responsibilities as we, regarding attitudes and conduct toward the Creator and of submitting to, and fulfilling the Creator’s will.
    Maybe, this shared obligation is reason back of Yahshua saying, I tell you that in the same way, there will be more joy in heaven over one sinner who repents than over ninety-nine righteous persons who need no repentance, Luke 15:7
    We, who are obedient on earth, have a strong connection with these spirit-beings by the Spirit of Yahweh.
    But you have come to Mount Zion and to the city of the living Elohim, the heavenly Jerusalem, and to myriads of angels, to the general assembly and assembly of the firstborn who are enrolled in heaven, and to Elohim, the Judge of all, and to the spirits of the righteous made perfect, and to Yahshua, the Mediator of a new covenant, and to the sprinkled blood, which speaks better than the blood of Abel, Hebrews 12:22-24.

Angels Serve and Protect
     Are they not all ministering spirits, sent out to render service for the sake of those who will inherit salvation? Hebrews 1:14.
    For He will give His angels charge concerning you, to guard you in all your ways. They will bear you up in their hands, that you do not strike your foot against a stone, Psalm 91:11-12.
    Yahweh loves His people, and when their ways are pleasing in His sight, He takes care of their needs.
    Daniel was dispatched to the lions’ den where there, it was expected by his adversaries that he should be slain. But his confidence that Yahweh was able to deliver him, by shutting the mouths of the lions served as a witness to Nebuchadnezzar of the omnipotence of the Creator Who is not limited by the creatures which He has made.
    Then Daniel spoke to the king, “O king, live forever! My Elohim sent His angel and shut the lions’ mouths and they have not harmed me, inasmuch as I was found innocent before Him; and also toward you, O king, I have committed no crime,” Daniel 6:21-22.
    Thus, it is imperative, too, that we are found innocent, having committed no crime … and especially, against children. In one place, Yahshua rebuked His disciples who would have precluded Him from blessing these little ones, and declared to them, “for of such is the kingdom of Elohim” (Mark 10:14) and that except one should receive the kingdom of Elohim as a little child – innocent, having committed no crime – he could not enter therein (Mark. 10:15).
    In another place, and on another occasion, when asked by them who would be the greatest in the kingdom, Yahshua took a little child and asserted that he who would humble himself as a little child, would also be the greatest in the kingdom (Matt. 18:4) saying, furthermore, See that you do not despise one of these little ones, for I say to you that their angels in heaven continually see the face of My Father who is in heaven, Matthew 18:10.
    Indeed, though we are adults, yet are we in relationship with Him, but children – a truth not lost on His disciples, seeing that He was but addressing their ambitions and the rivalry among themselves, who should be the greatest in the kingdom (Matt. 18:1).

The Angel of Yahweh
     Angels, as we have seen, function as messengers. There is One, however, Who is above them, and Who is the Principal Messenger of Yahweh. Of all the angels, Yahshua has the preeminence. From the Book of Hebrews, we read:
    For to which of the angels did He ever say: “You are My Son, Today I have begotten You?” And again: “I will be to Him a Father, and He shall be to Me a Son?” But when He again brings the firstborn into the world, He says: “Let all the angels of Elohim worship Him.” And of the angels He says: “Who makes His angels spirits and His ministers a flame of fire.” But to the Son He says: “Your throne, O Elohim, is forever and ever; a scepter of righteousness is the scepter of Your kingdom. You have loved righteousness and hated lawlessness; therefore Elohim, Your Elohim, has anointed You with the oil of gladness more than Your companions.” And: “You, Yahweh, in the beginning laid the foundation of the earth, and the heavens are the work of Your hands. They will perish, but You remain; and they will all grow old like a garment; like a cloak You will fold them up, and they will be changed. But You are the same, and Your years will not fail.” But to which of the angels has He ever said: “Sit at My right hand, till I make Your enemies Your footstool?” Are they not all ministering spirits sent forth to minister for those who will inherit salvation? Hebrews 1:5-14, NKJV.
    Nevertheless, even though Yahshua is the Principal Messenger, He never presumed to speak of Himself, declaring rather,
    “I can do nothing on My own initiative. As I hear, I judge; and My judgment is just, because I do not seek My own will, but the will of Him who sent Me … My teaching is not Mine, but His Who sent Me. If any man is willing to do His will, he shall know of the teaching, whether it be of Elohim, or whether I speak from Myself. He who speaks from himself seeks his own glory … the things which I heard from Him (Yahweh), these I speak to the world … I do nothing on My own initiative, but I speak these things as the Father taught Me” (John 5:30, 7:16-18, 8:26, 28).
    Yahshua’s humility and obedience is worthy of emulation. The Apostle Paul writing to the Assembly at Philippi made this observation:
    Have this attitude in yourselves which was also in Messiah Yahshua, Who, although He existed in the form of Elohim, did not regard equality with Elohim a thing to be grasped, but emptied Himself, taking the form of a bond-servant, and being made in the likeness of men. Being found in appearance as a man, He humbled Himself by becoming obedient to the point of death, even death on a torture stake. For this reason also, Elohim highly exalted Him, and bestowed on Him the Name which is above every name, so that at the Name of Yahshua EVERY KNEE WILL BOW, of those who are in heaven and on earth and under the earth, and that every tongue will confess that Yahshua Messiah is Master, to the glory of Elohim the Father, Philippians 2:5-11.
    The creation of all things is accredited to Yahweh – Yahweh, Who may be thought as the Draftsman, and His Son, Who is the Firstborn of all creation, become the Craftsman, as illustrated in the following passage:
    He (Yahshua) is the image of the invisible Elohim, the Firstborn of all creation. For by Him all things were created, both in the heavens and on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones or dominions or rulers or authorities—all things have been created through Him and for Him. He is before all things, and in Him all things hold together, Colossians 1:15-17.
    This is a clear statement, supported further by the evangelist, John:
    In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with Elohim, and the Word was Elohim. He was in the beginning with Elohim. All things came into being by Him, and apart from Him nothing came into being that has come into being, John 1:1-3.
    We may appreciate then, that Yahshua, come in the power of Yahweh’s Spirit and as a Messenger sent by Yahweh and Ambassador for Yahweh, had full authority to speak and act on Yahweh’s behalf – very much like an emissary who bears his king’s signet ring, to seal covenants and to execute the king’s will.
    Many times, throughout the Scriptures we find Yahshua, the Angel of Yahweh at work. Even in the Old Testament, the “preincarnate” Messiah is at work, speaking and doing the Father’s will. (To discover eye-opening revelations of the “preincarnate” Messiah, read our free In-Depth booklet entitled, Did Yahshua Pre-Exist?)

Conclusion
     With all this discussion about angels, there are yet two more points we wish to make in conclusion.
    In seeking to resolve an issue concerning brethren initiating civil litigation against them of their own fraternity, Paul poses a number of questions of his Corinthian constituency. He asks,
    Do you not know the saints will judge the world? And if the world is judged by you, are you not competent to constitute the smallest law courts? Do you not know that we shall judge angels? How much more, matters of this life? 1 Corinthians 6:2-3. (emphasis, ours)
    For sure, Satan dislikes our understanding of his fate and that of his disciples which should serve as a cautionary tale: for beings, unrepentant and disobedient, their outcome is assured.
    So, what about those of whom the Apostle Peter alludes in 2 Peter 2:4, For if Elohim did not spare angels when they sinned but cast them into Tartarus and committed them to pits of darkness, reserved for judgment? Are these they, of whom it is written in the Book of Jude,
    And the angels which kept not their first estate, but left their own habitation, He hath reserved in everlasting chains under darkness unto the judgment of the great day, Jude 1:6. KJV.
    Are these of whom Paul spoke, “Do you not know that we will judge angels?” (1 Cor. 6:3). Are these they who went with Satan and who, may have had second thoughts afterward? For if we can be forgiven, then could fallen angels not be forgiven if they repented immediately after sinning against Yahweh? It may be.
    In the meantime, while we await that great and notable day, remember there are angels around and about – both good, and evil. Let’s do good ourselves and, by doing so, receive the blessings promised.